I am about to stuff several hundred 2x2 envelopes and wanted to know what should be documented on the envelope exterior and if there is a standard for how the information should appear?
There is no standard.
I usually put the date and mintmark on the upper left. The denomination on the upper right. Grade on lower left, and then I put the month /year I found it on the lower left. Sometimes dealers will put an alpha/numeric code somewhere on the front or back. It's a code they use to determine what they paid for the coin.