It does appear to have 19th-Century cannonbarrel rifling marks on it. The Rock Island Arsenal did not begin manufacturing military goods and ordnance until the 1880s, so presumably your piece of artilley shell is from after that date. Your photos do not reveal what metal or two metals the object is made of. I assume it is part iron, but is the part with the grooves and rifling-marks made of lead or of brass/copper? Also, there's nothing in the photos to tell us its size, and you didn't supply that information. How about some additional photos, with a ruler in them?