It is Chinese. Possibly a traditional woman's hair adornment.
I'm guessing the side with lots of characters is a poem. But I've shown more than once on this forum that my ability to translate kanji sucks... So I don't know what it says.
Hey guys! My brother had someone translate this for me, and turns out it says, "The emblem for sponsoring member of private hygiene committee of Miyagi Prefecture." The small image of the front says "hygiene" He thinks that since it mentions AFAIK, a place in Japan, that it is Japanese.
So with that being said, it is a Japanese badge for someone that is a member of the private hygiene committee of Miyagi prefecture!