Here's a brief discussion of the Supreme Court decisions regarding NPDES. Notice that without a discharge of pollution from a "point source" no NPDES is required. That's written right into the law and if you follow these things the Supreme Court is getting a little cranky about repeating that over and over.
The LA case at the Supreme Court was about the question:
Under the Clean Water Act, does a “discharge of pollutants” occur when polluted water “flows from one portion of a river that is navigable water of the United States, through a concrete channel or other engineered improvement in the river,” and then “into a lower portion of the same river”?
The answer from the court was once again a BIG no. Stuff that starts in the water and is returned to the same water does NOT require an NPDES permit.
So when you pony up to your State Water Board and declare you are a point source of water pollution to get a permit to dredge or sluice you are going against the actual law as well as two Supreme Court decisions. The government gets it's power from the people. When you go along with local government overreach you are giving power to the very government actions you know are wrong.
Below is my personal opinion stated for years on many forums:
This all could have been cleared up long ago if small mining groups would stick to this one simple fact. The NPDES can't apply to instream mining activities.
Instead mining groups have pursued dozens of other theories about why the permit is too expensive, hard to get, restrictive, wasn't discussed enough, goes against the mining laws, is no business of the state, is a takings and many more weak arguments. Millions have been spent and still no results because lawyers make money arguing whether they win or not. The more arguments the more time and money spent. In fact in at least one state losing arguments for small miners have become a bigger source of income for lawyers than mining has been for small miners. Think about that for a minute.
I know of a few lawyers who have made millions on this issue in California. There are several mining groups that wouldn't exist today if they couldn't rally their members to donate more money for these same lawyers. Guess what - if the money dries up the lawyers and the mining groups will go away and then you will be standing alone with this one simple fact:
No NPDES permit is required.
Just like the Supreme Court and the Clean Water Act have been saying all along.
Heavy Pans