Underwater archaeology is a specialization within the larger fields of anthropology and archaeology. There are only a few universities in the US that teach this speciality. I would recommend working on all your prerequisites at your local university. Texas A&M university in College Station, Texas has probably one of the best UW Archeology programs in the country. Also, the university in Jacksonville Florida has a very good program from what I have been told.
As for the pay, you wont get rich. Most US government archaeologist are making 46K-60K a year(a GS-09), and in a recent job search I found about 20-30 current openings, mostly in Nevada, and a couple in Hawaii. Good gig if you can get it.
If you do a search of TreasureNet, I know that I posted some good info on the average pay a year or so ago.
This is the job description
Accomplishes management functions associated with the operation and execution of specific archaeological expeditions and assignments. Conducts and/or oversees archaeological examinations of road, reservoir, recreation, and other ground disturbing projects where archaeological materials may be subject to destruction or damage. Identifies, evaluates, and classifies resource needs. Plans and executes surveys for the location and verification of archaeological and historical sites. Provides guidance in marking, protection, and salvage of these sites.
Performs work related to planning and development of archaeological/heritage resources program policy, objectives, and priorities.
Performs work evaluating and ensuring that scientific and systematic procedures are followed in identifying, evaluating, and classifying cultural resource areas.
Provides technical assistance, consultation, and guidance on archaeological studies, programs, and projects. Provides advice on the identification and management of cultural resources.
Tom
