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The Arkansas News
1985 Fall
Pre-Statehood
PAGE 7
« Back to 1985 Fall Issue Articles
Independence County Seat Gets New Name:
It’s Batesville Now
BATESVILLE – Today, November 7, 1824, marks another milestone in the history of Independence County, as the county seat of Poke Creek is officially renamed Batesville.
The name honors James Woodson Bates, who practiced law in this place and was the Arkansas Territory’s first representative to the United States Congress.
It was only fourteen years ago, in 1810, that settlement began here on the White River at the mouth of Poke Bayou. By 1814 a mercantile business, operated by John Luttig and Christian Wilt, had an inventory of goods worth $5,000. That considerable sum means that the Luttig-Wilt store was then among the largest in the area of Arkansas.
There were several reasons for the early prominence of the area. The geographical location of Poke Bayou was favorable, as the mouth of the bayou was in the hills just above the poorly drained land of the White River bottoms.
The St. Louis-Arkansas Post road brought travelers through the area, and the location of a government land office at Poke Bayou undoubtedly had an important impact. The U.S. government in 1818 authorized two land offices for Arkansas. One land office was at Arkansas Post, for Arkansas County, and the other was to be at Davidsonville at the mouth of the Spring River, for Lawrence County. The office at Davidsonville opened in 1820, but within three months it moved to Poke Bayou. The government land officer assigned to Davidsonville had written back to Washington, “The President has located me in a wilderness which is extremely unhealthy.”
Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, who had ended a trip on the upper White River at Poke Bayou at about that time, in January of 1819, described that settlement as “a village of a dozen houses situated on the north bank of the river . . . the situation at Poke Bayou is pleasant and advantageous as a commercial and agricultural depot.”
From 1815 to 1820 the area remained a part of Lawrence County, the second county created n the Arkansas Territory. It was named for Captain James Lawrence, a naval hero of the War of 1812 who is best remembered for his battlecry, “Don’t give up the ship!” The county seat was at Davidsonville.
By 1820, when the population of Lawrence County was more than 5,600 people, it was decided to create another county, so people would not have so far to travel to the county seat.
Joab Hardin introduced a resolution in the Territorial Legislature to create a new county with a new county seat. On October 23, 1823, Governor James Miller signed the law creating Independence County from part of Lawrence County.
Governor Miller also appointed a commission of five men—John Reed, Perry G. Magness, Robert Bean, Stephen Jones, and Matthew Adams – to select “the most suitable place in said county for erecting a courthouse and jail.” They picked the settlement at Poke Bayou.
The town was officially designated a U.S. Post Office in 1820, under the name Poke Creek, and a courthouse was built in 1822.
It is that settlement that now becomes Batesville, the county seat of Independence County.
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