Help to identify bullet shell casing

[walkman7]

Need help to identify and date shell casings. First casing is 2 1/8 inches long: 1.5mm diameter at base (almost 5/8 inches). Appears to be a center fire cartridge. On the bottom are the following: C (top); 82 (right side); F (bottom); 4 (left side). Second casing is identical to the first, but nothing stamped on the bottom. Third casing is same diameter as the other two. Length is 2.8mm, with nothing stamped on the bottom. See photos. Any help would be appreciated.

 

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[TheCannonballGuy]

The first two are US Army "Benet-Primed" cartridge casings made for use in the Model-1873 Springfield "Government" .45-70 rifle and carbine.

About the markings on one of your casings:
C means it is for the carbine (R means rifle)
F means Frankfort PA arsenal
82 means it was made in 1882
4 means it was made in April

Regarding the unmarked 2&1/8"-long casing:
It too is a Benet-Primed .45-70 casing, but it was made prior to the start of base-marking the casings. It could have been made between January 1874 and March 1875, or between March 1875 and March 1877. The only way to know is for you to measure the distance BETWEEN the two separate indented grooves just above the casing's base. If the distance is 9/32", your casing is the 1/1864-3/1875 version. If the distance is 3/32", it's the 3/1875-3/1877 version. Go to the following webpage, and read all the info.
THE CARTRIDGE COLLECTOR

Despite what you say in your post, your measurements must actually be in centimeters, because it's impossible for your casings to be 1.5mm in diameter, and 2.8mm long.

Also, we need you to measure the casing's MAIN-BODY diameter, not its base-rim. Without that measurement, and only a baseview photo, I cannot help you ID your 2.8cm-long casing. Measure its main-body diameter just slightly above the base-rim.

 

[walkman7]

Main body diameter is 1.3cm
Here are some better photos.


Thanks for the help.

 

[TheCannonballGuy]

After much research, I can tell you with certainty that your longer (2&1/8") casings are definitely .45-70 casings. The one marked "82" and "C" was made in 1882 for the Model-1873 Springfield .45-70 Carbine. The other long one, also a .45-70 casing but with no markings, was made in the mid-1870s.

Although you say the short one is the same diameter as the others, in you final photo (above) it looks significantly smaller in diameter. Please measure its length, and also the diameter of the INSIDE of its mouth.

 

[TheCannonballGuy]

If you'd like "independent" proof that I've identified your long casings correctly, here's a link to the various dimensions (length, head diameter, base diameter, rim diameter) of the .45-70 cartridge casing, all of which match the measurements you reported.
.45-70 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia