Lobsterman,
There are a few places it could be, since hurricanes are fairly common along the coast! I can say that I've never heard of Monkey Island, so I'm guessing that cryptodave is a BOI (born on island).
I can tell you about two others, though. In 1903, a massive hurricane wiped out the city of Galveston, leveling the town and killing more than 3,000 people. It's still the largest natural disaster death toll in the US. Many thought Katrina might surpass it. The hurricane is the reason that the seawall was built, raising the seaward side of the island by 17 feet and the leeward side 5 ft. The buildings on the island that pre-date the storm(this pertains only to the part that was inside the city, mostly off of Broadway) were raised and filled in underneath. Check out the Gail Borden home! Incredible feat. Also the reason that Houston was chosen to be a port city and began its growth into an international port city. Before that, Galveston was the biggest port in Texas, and, may have been (don't qoute me) the biggest west of the Mississippi.
The second place it might be is not an island at all. Indianola was the biggest port city in Texas in the 1850's, establish by Carl, Prince of Solms Braunfels, the founder of New Braunfels, TX. It was a main shipping route to Mexico and to the West coast for goods on the Atlantic(pre-Panama canal, of course). It was hit in the 1870's by a massive hurricane, rebuilt and finally leveled in 1886. It was deserted. There was a population of about 5,000 before the first hurricane. There were hotels and a racetrack, even. Now, there are just a few roads. Never hunted, but I will when I return to Texas.
Lastly, the explosion in Texas CIty was in 1947, when a ship loaded with ammonium nitrate (same stuff used in the van in the Oklahoma City bombing) blew up. It was at the Monsanto dock nearest to the Texas City jetty. My dad worked there and knew some of the old timers who were working there back then.
Anyway, good luck hunting and leave some for me! P.S. go to RH Johns chart store, right off the strand and as for the old Glavest lithograph. They may still have some. It was originally drawn in about 1845 and reprinted in 1971. I bought one in the 1990 timeframe. They still had several, back then. Shows the old island and some shipwrecks at the time.
johnny