That is a good explanation of how real investing differs from gambling. Gambling with lottery tickets, or worse, scratch-offs that continue to be sold in vending machines after the winners have already won, is usually a random chance of a very low probability event. Good research does not increase those terrible odds. When picking individual securities, understanding what makes one stock a better value than another, is useful. Research is often rewarded. And there are times when an investor can minimize risk as one gets older and has less time left for more volatile securities. Going to high-quality blue chip funds or dividend funds or individual stocks is one way to reduce risk, or volatility, at the possible loss of the very large gains we see in more volatile funds like emerging markets or science & technology funds.
A long-term view over several decades is the secret and few want to hear that. Decades of compounding the reinvested dividends and capital gains builds wealth. I hear the excuses that the "market is too high" - and there is some merit to that, on a P/E perspective. But what is the alternative? In the mid 1980's, we had better alternatives with high rate CDs from S&Ls that have long since disappeared. I myself had a 1 year CD that paid 19.9%. That federally insured return was a reasonable alternative to stocks back then. But today, the best CD rate I can get is 2.15%, and that is fully taxable as ordinary income, the net of which may not exceed the rate of inflation. So my alternative, especially at my age, is to choose some high rated dividend stocks - some of which have raised dividends every year for decades. In addition, those qualified dividends receive preferential tax treatment and still appreciate in value.