Hello thridlife
It is a very loaded question. in short all of the Above have their uses but also have their problems.
Locating a shipwreck begins with detailed, high quality historical research that provides either a precise GPS coordinate or an approximate location. When positions are approximate side scan sonar is utilized. This technology allows Researchers to quickly scan many square miles of ocean per day and precisely locate the shipwreck.
A side scan sonar is towed behind a survey ship and emits sound waves that radiate out over the ocean floor. When these sound
waves bounce off an object they are returned to the sensor and displayed as a graphic image live on the surface equipment.
Additional post processing software packages are available which further enhance the raw data for even more better vision. like the one below.
For monitoring work from the surface some also use phased array technology called the Echoscope. It generates over
16,000 beams simultaneously, producing instantaneous three-dimensional sonar images of both moving and stationary objects. This is used for monitoring work, in real time, when visibility is near or at zero
And its being used to great success 1,429,000,000 Of precious commodities recovered after a 50% cut with the nation state involved. You will never see these operations on the news.
Crow