We have to go back two 1922....
King Amanullah Khan tried to modernize the country. But he did fatal mistake that he alienated the tribal elders. Afghanistan has never had unity as a nation as it is conglomeration of feudal trial states with shifting loyalties.
Amānullāh's domestic reforms were no less dramatic than his foreign policy initiatives, but those reforms could not match his achievement of complete, lasting independence. Mahumud Tarzi Amanullah's father-in-law and foreign minister , encouraged the monarch's interest in social and political reform but urged that it be gradually built upon the basis of a strong central government, as had occurred in Turkey under the famous Kemal Ataturk. Socially, Amanullah enjoyed many of thoughts Mahumud Tarzi.
Such ass radical thoughts at the time at the time, such as giving women more rights and allowing freedom of press through publishing. Tarzi, being heavily influenced by the West, brought this influence to Afghanistan - Amanullah enjoyed Western dress and etiquette. His wife, Queen Sorya Tarzi , became the face of Amanullah Khan's reforms in regard to women.[SUP]
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Amānullāh's reforms touched on many areas of Afghan life. In 1921 he established an air force, albeit with only a few Soviet planes and pilots;
Afghan personnel later received training in Italy and France and as well as Turkey. Although he came to power with army support, Amanullah did a fatal mistake alienating many army personnel by reducing both their pay and size of the forces and by altering recruiting patterns to prevent tribal leaders from controlling who joined the service. Amanullah's Turkish advisers suggested the king retire the older officers, men who were set in their ways and might resist the formation of a more professional army. Amanullah's minister of war, General Muhummad Nadir Khan
An ancestor of the present treasure hunter journalist searching for this mysterious ancient treasure.
General Muhummad Nadir Khan was a member of the Musahiban branch of the royal family, opposed these changes, preferring instead to recognize tribal sensitivities. The king rejected Nadir Khan's advice and an anti-Turkish faction took root in the army; in 1924 Nadir Khan left the government to become ambassador to France.
If fully enacted, Amānullāh's reforms would have totally transformed Afghanistan. Most of his proposals, however, died with his abdication. His transforming social and educational reforms included: adopting the solar calendar, requiring Western dress in parts of Kabul and elsewhere, discouraging the veiling and seclusion of women, abolishing slavery and forced labor, introducing secular education (for girls as well as boys); adult education classes and educating nomads. His economic reforms included restructuring, reorganizing, and rationalizing the entire tax structure, antismuggling and anticorruption campaigns, a livestock census for taxation purposes, the first budget (in 1922), implementing the metric system (which did not take hold), establishing the Bank-i-Melli (National Bank) in 1928, and introducing the Afghani as the new unit of currency in 1923.
The political and judicial reforms Amānullāh proposed were equally radical for the time and included the creation of Afghanistan's first constitution (in 1923), the guarantee of civil rights (first by decree and later constitutionally), national registration and identity cards for the citizenry, the establishment of a legislative assembly, a court system to enforce new secular penal, civil, and commercial codes, prohibition of blood money, and abolition of subsidies and privileges for tribal chiefs and the royal family. that must must of really upset the tribal chiefs
Although sharia (Islamic law) was to be the residual source of law, it regained prominence after the khost rebellion of 1923-24. Religious leaders, who had gained influence under Habibullah kan the previous king.
The tribal leaders were very unhappy with Amānullāh's extensive religious reforms. It was the underlying factors that lead to the tribal revolt that overthrew Amanullah grew out of opposition to his reform program, although those people most affected by his reforms were urban dwellers not universally opposed to his policies, rather than the tribes. Nevertheless, the king had managed to alienate religious leaders and army members.
The unraveling began, however, when Pashtun tribesmen revolted in Jalalabad in November 1928. When tribal forces advanced on the capital, many of the king's troops deserted. Amanullah faced another threat as well: in addition to the Pashtun tribes, forces led by a Tajik tribes tribesman were moving toward Kabul from the north. In January 1929, Amanullah abdicated the throne to his oldest brother,
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However I think he must of been left with the proverbial hand grenade with the pin out.
As he saw the writing on the wall so to speak and only ruled for only three days before escaping into exile in British-India.
Amanullah's made later efforts to recover power by leading a small, ill-equipped force toward Kabul failed. The deposed king crossed the border into British-India and went into exile in Italy and remained in Europe until his death in 1960.
It was in this Crisis of Civil war in 1928-1929 kmnowlege of this treasure as well as other treasures associated with the Monarchy of Afghanistan fled the country. Meny of the procgrssive rul;ing elite flet the country. it was one of first airbourne evacuations done in history.
Many of high ranking officals and their family fled to Britian or British india. Along with it knowlege of this great treasure
To be contined....
Crow
. In general I have always liked lost treasures,lost books,lost relics,lost paintings,lost ancient cave etc stories and legends. For example Inca treasure legends,,, I have followed the missing Ghent altar piece Saga for sometime etc I have started a thread on the Menorah,so that and related ark of the covenant topics, etc..I also like puzzles so I have spent some weeks in July deciphering Fenn' poem and I am one of the people who claim to have solved it
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