The year without a summer affected climate for three years. Napoleon returned to France uncontested to find a near starving populace who would pay no more taxes to raise a return of power(despite his claim he only sought to be an upstanding citizen) for want of bread. Had they been well fed results may have been very different. The shortage of food had multiple countries cease exports of it and riots were widespread.
Bad timing for the U.S. in it's quarrel over banking and it's national debt was just getting secured where two years earlier(1814) even the interest was not being paid on it.
With the expiration of the Bank, the U.S. was financially unprepared for the War of 1812, and Gallatin had to resort to taxes and loans from state banks to finance it. During the summer of 1814, many state banks suspended specie payments—federal currency backed by precious metals—and began issuing their own credit notes. By the end of that year, the Federal Government could not pay interest on its national debt. Alexander Dallas, a resident of Philadelphia, was chosen as the new Treasury Secretary. President Madison’s choice of Dallas was seen by many as indicating renewed support for a national bank. Dallas managed to bring the government budget back into surplus and restore the specie system, as well as champion a national bank.
The bank bill of 1814 was debated in Congress for almost two years, drawing opposition from Federalists and constructionist Republicans, but was ratified by President Madison—an opponent of the First Bank of the United States—on April 10, 1816. The primary shareholder was the U.S. Government and the second largest was Stephen Girard, the wealthy Philadelphia banker whose involvement would lead to the founding of Girard College.
PhilaPlace - Second Bank of the U.S.: The Bank Wars and the Struggle for Financial Stability ? The Second Bank of the United States
