i think the factors mentioned are very valid; temp, i.e. freezing and heat (removing the moisture, causing soil particles to shrink), also sediment from wind blown dust and dying vegetation creates a layer covering items. these factors cause changes in density of the ground. the heavier items naturally tend to sink. i want to add vibration (near a heavy traffic roadway or near the ocean) the more vibration the faster the heavier items sink. also they sink until they encounter a more dense layer or something hard (that stops their descent) i.e. roots,clay, rocks, shells, or hard-pan. i have encountered older items at the same depths newer items. the older ones sank until their density caused them to slow down, while the newer or ones seemed to catch-up. shape is also a factor, the rocks mentioned earlier are puzzling. i would guess that, even though they are heavy and solid, that their density is lighter than the surrounding soil. or maybe their shape has a way of helping them to the surface, (like larger potato chips, when you shake the bag, the big ones rise the the top) i think all of these factors are at play, but the simple answer is that the more dense an object i,s the further it will sink. hh david