PART II
Software & Programming
As mentioned, the H3 device includes a notebook computer for programming the [supposed] element frequencies. The software can either program a single element frequency, such as this:
Fig. 9: Program - Single Element
or, via the "Compound" button, up to 6 elements can be selected:
Fig. 10: Program - Compound
In both modes, there is a checkbox to enable or disable the magnetometer operation; the manual only states "This field must always be checked." There is also a checkbox called "Correction Off;" the manual makes no mention of this setting. We'll check them out in the next section. Finally, there is a Time Delay setting. The manual states this is to set the "response time." It turns out that it is the rate at which the magnetometer adjusts the DDS frequency. A (recommended) setting of 10 updates the DDS roughly every 10 seconds.
As mentioned, the H3 software allows the simultaneous selection of up to 6 elements at a time. The manual explains that compounds can be selected this way:
"When you select multiple elements to scan for a compound, you select the elements in the order of the significance to the compound. For example, if you were scanning for water (H2O), you would select hydrogen as element one, and oxygen as element two." [H3 manual]
This is curious wording because, in water, the more significant element is oxygen, not hydrogen. In any case, if you want to [supposedly] search for cocaine (C17H21NO4) you would enter hydrogen first, followed by carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. This avoids confusion with caffeine (C8H10N4O2), which would be entered as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, then oxygen. We will quite obviously revisit this in the next section.
Closer Look - Signals
It is fortunate that the H3 device has a BNC connector for the secondary sensor and that the connector has both the signal output and signal ground from the DDS generator board applied to it. This allows us to connect the signal to an oscilloscope and directly inspect the waveform, and measure the frequency and amplitude of the signal, even when the case is closed. Regardless of the element selections the waveform is always a sinusoid, which is expected given that it is generated from a DDS chip.
For this report, I will focus on gold, silver, and platinum settings. For this particular unit the software has two selections for silver: Silver 107 and Silver 109. This is, according to H3Tec, because common silver can be composed of two equally likely isotopes with slightly different NMR frequencies. As such, if you want to [supposedly] locate silver you would need to try both settings.
The resulting measured frequencies (using a frequency counter) for these four settings are:
| Gold | 54.55 Hz |
| Silver 107 | 128.86 Hz |
| Silver 109 | 148.30 Hz |
| Platinum | 684.60 Hz |
Great care was taken to make these measurements away from anything that could influence the magnetic sensor inside the H3 device. From (real) NMR theory, the results imply that the magnetic field strength of Oregon is upwards of 75uT, which is quite high. According to recent data, the actual strength is around 54uT.
From the previous section we saw that multiple elements can be selected, supposedly for searching for compounds. The H3 unit I tested only included only metals so it was not possible to make a proper compound, but the results of selecting multiple elements was still interesting.
For example, if both gold and platinum are selected, the resulting frequency is 370.0 Hz, which appears to simply be the average of the individual element frequencies. Indeed, trying several combinations of multiple elements proved this to be the case. Even if we pretend the method of NMR location used by the H3 device could possibly work, this averaging of element frequencies is obviously bogus. For example, the 370 Hz for Gold+Platinum is right on top of the [supposed] frequency for argon.
Furthermore, despite the claim in the manual, the order of the selected elements made absolutely no difference in the resulting frequency. Gold+Platinum was the same as Platinum+Gold, so the need to "select the elements in the order of the significance to the compound" is nonsense.
Besides frequency, we can also measure the waveform amplitude which is controlled by the rotary encoder on top of the H3 device. Turning the knob clockwise increases the amplitude, counter-clockwise decreases the amplitude until it bottoms out at a minimum amplitude of about 0.545vpp (volts peak-to-peak). Individual clockwise clicks of the rotary knob result in the following amplitudes (vpp):
| Minimum | 0.55 |
| 1 click | 2.59 |
| 2 clicks | 4.79 |
| 3 clicks | 7.11 |
| 4 clicks | 9.32 |
| 5 clicks | 11.60 |
| 6 clicks | 13.74 |
| 7 clicks | 15.98 |
| 8 clicks | 18.28 |
| 9 clicks | 20.48 |
| 10 clicks | 22.68 |
Beyond 10 clicks there is no more increase in amplitude.
There is a fault in the implementation of the rotary encoder, however. When starting from the minimum amplitude it is very difficult to turn 1 click and get the amplitude to stay at 2.59v. It repeatedly drops back down to the minimum setting, so after a series of slow 1-turn clicks the amplitude will most likely still be at the minimum level. It takes a quick 2-click turn to get the amplitude to jump to the third voltage level (4.79v). From there on up the amplitude generally increases with each click, although it will occasionally fail to increase on any level.
The faulty operation gets severe again at the maximum setting; when increasing from 20.48v to 22.68v, the amplitude repeatedly drops back down to 20.48v. It is very difficult to get it to stay at the maximum setting. Since the H3 device has no readout of the actual amplitude setting, the result of this faulty design is that you will never know what the amplitude is actually set to.
From the manual the user is instructed to set the rotary to the 12:00 position and hit the "start" button. Measurements show that pressing the button simply resets the amplitude to the minimum level. The rotary has 20 detents and the H3 case has eight positional markings, so when the manual states:
"For example, when the knob is set at the 12:00 position (shown above), the range is at zero. When the knob is set at 11:30, the range is at maximum size for your H3." [H3 manual]
there are two problems. First, since the rotary has 20 detents the stops don't correspond to the numbers of a clock face. Second, the amplitude is theoretically maximum at just past 6:00, unless the faulty operation of the rotary resulted in the amplitude staying stuck at the minimum.
Before we leave this section let's go back to the function of the two checkboxes in the software. With the "Enable Magnetometer" option unchecked the element frequencies were dramatically lower. For example, gold fell from 54.55 Hz to about 1.7 Hz. The "Correction Off" had the opposite effect. Checking this option (with magnetometer enabled) caused the frequencies to increase; gold rose to 128 Hz and was strongly affected by magnetic fields. With the magnetometer "disabled" the Correction Off option had no effect. So these two options are either horribly mis-named, or are faulty.
Claims vs. Reality
There are few explicit claims made as to what the H3 device can actually do. For example, the user manual is largely devoid of any statements that the H3 device is a "detector" or "locator" of any sort. Most claims of any usefulness come from various forum discussions in which a user named "H3Tec" (presumably Mr. Christensen) has posted specific information.
Here are a few excerpts from the manual:
"...you'll learn to use H3 technology to detect elements and compounds."
False. The so-called "H3 technology" has no ability to detect elements or compounds.
"At the conclusion of this exercise, everyone in the class will be able to scan and locate Silver 107 in the indoor training grid. The target will be in plain sight in the classroom."
Placing targets in plain view is a red flag in testing dowsing-based devices. Anyone can recognize this as an easy path to self-deception.
"A basic rule of thumb is that the higher the number pertaining to isotopes, the more refined the element is
This is completely false. The "refinement" of an element has nothing to do with the isotope number. For example, most natural uranium is U-238 and has to be refined "down" to U-235 for reactors and weapons.
"You will learn that your H3 will only find the specific element you have loaded into it."
Again, false. Besides the fact that the device does not work, there have been reports by H3 believers who found items other than what they were looking for. If the H3 "only finds the specific element you have loaded into it" then why do H3 users keeping finding iron junk?
From the H3Tec web site:
"H3’s claims were validated early on by Chemir an international products and testing laboratory to work as advertised before we started selling our products."
This claim has also been liberally posted around various forums. H3Tec has also posted a video which includes footage of full-view (non-double-blind) "tests" being conducted at Chemir.
I contacted Chemir and asked about the so-called testing, but they replied that the methods and results were confidential and that H3Tec did not want them released. Furthermore, Chemir specifically stated that they do not perform double-blind product testing. Finally, when I mentioned that H3Tec was using them as a "testimonial," they responded:
"I appreciate your effort to notify us of a potential situation where a person or company is falsely representing our business or relationship." Details of the Chemir exchange can be found on the
Geotech forums.
"We do not sell LRL’s..."
Since the H3 device is not a "locator" of any kind, the statement is literally true. However, anyone who believes in the H3 device will call it an LRL, and the term "LRL" is generally applied by both believers and skeptics to devices that are supposed to function as an LRL, even if they don't. So, practically, the statement would be considered false by either an H3 advocate or skeptic.
From forums:
"The U.S. Army is convinced that this device work as we have trained advanced scout teams and H3's are in the Middle East protecting our troops." Discovery channel forum
As far as can be determined, the Army has purchased no H3 devices nor have they received any training. In an interview for the newspaper Davis Clipper Christensen said, "a friend of mine had a Son going into the Military. He took a couple of units with him, but we have nothing formal yet."
Yet prior to the Clipper article the H3Tec web site included the claim:
"The U.S. Army ordered new and improved H3 for the Army in the war theater".
Most likely, the US military has never bought an H3 device, has never had any training, and no H3 devices are deployed by any military unit anywhere.
"yes it has a rod, however it is not free moving when the device is turned on." Geotech
This is totally false; the pointer device (small L-rod) is completely free-moving whether the device is turned on or off.
"The H3 claims have been tested at Chemir Labs." Discovery channel forum
"It had to pass a double blind test for clams [sic] certifications." Geotech
This first claim was covered above, and is false. There were no "claims certifications" and no double-blind testing performed.
The ultimate question is, can the H3 detect the presence of gold? A simple test was performed whereby a 10-ounce 0.9999-fine gold bar was placed next to the H3. Prior to placing the gold bar, the H3 was programmed for gold and carefully leveled with the pointer pointing at the case screw just to the left of center. After 24 hours the pointer had not moved at all.
Fig. 11: Simple Gold Test
Trademarks and Patents
The "Basic Training Manual" for the H3Tec has on the second page the following statement:
©2000-2009 by H3TecTM, LLC. All rights reserved. Treasure TrackerTM, Treasure TrekkerTM, Treasure TricorderTM, Tricorder Pro-oneTM, Tricorder Pro-twoTM, and Tricorder Pro-fiveTM are registered trademarks of H3TecTM, LLC.
A "TM" symbol is used as a public trademark statement but does not confer "registered trademark" status. "Registered" trademarks are registered through the US Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO) and are noted with a ® symbol. But H3Tec does not have any of these names registered with the USPTO, so claiming them as "registered trademarks of H3Tec" is a false claim. In fact, "Treasure Tracker" is actually a registered trademark of First Texas and is the name of one of their "Bounty Hunter" metal detectors. Because the title of the H3 manual is "Basic Training Manual for the Treasure TrackerTM Line of Devices," Mr. Christensen is not only falsely claiming registered trademarks, but he is illegally using someone else's registered trademark.
Mr. Christensen was awarded a patent July 2010 for what is essentially the H3 device described in this report. This has become a favored strategy with those who market bogus products; most people assume that if the US Patent Office awards a patent, that the technology must be valid. Nothing could be further from the truth. The quality of patent examination has nose-dived in the last 20 years, and the USPTO is awarding patents for just about anything, valid or not.
The patent itself is rather bizarre, and has hallmarks of extremely amateur preparation. Out of 24 pages, 13 pages are dedicated to images of PCB board layouts, plus another 1-1/2 pages for a parts list, which are completely irrelevant to the patent. Also included is a list of file names that constitute the source code for the control software; again, this totally irrelevant and superfluous. This seems to have been added to "fluff up" the patent and impress non-technical readers.
Charles L. Christensen
Normally my reports on LRLs have little detail about the people behind them. My preference is to focus on the product — for which it's easy to provide objective evidence — and to avoid personal subjective speculation. In the case of Charles Christensen, there is some objective evidence worth presenting.
As it turns out, Mr. Christensen has registered with the
Cambridge Who's Who database, which is a pay-for service for people to promote themselves by listing their accomplishments. Here is a screen capture of
Mr. Christensen's entry:
Fig. 12: Charles L. Christensen's "Who's Who" Entry
All of the information listed was provided to Cambridge Who's Who by the applicant, Mr. Christensen. Among the claims made by Mr. Christensen are two degrees from Cal Tech, a premier engineering school. Such claims are easily and routinely checked (by employers, for example), and doing so for Mr. Christensen resulted in the following response:
The school was unable to locate either a degree or enrollment record for the subject of your verification request.
That is to say, Mr. Christensen's claim of having two degrees from Cal Tech is false.
Another claim Mr. Christensen makes in the Cambridge entry is the receipt of the 1984 R.D. Franklyn Award for Aerospace Engineering. However, it turns out this award was given to Charles C. Christensen, who was Charles L. Christensen's father. So, again, this claim is false. It's also interesting to note that Mr. Christensen claims to have been "part of the development team for the PAM II D Apogee Kick Motor" which, I'm told, was actually developed by his father as well.
Several people who have contacted me regarding Mr. Christensen say he truly believes that the H3 device works, and that he is only delusional. However, there is no way he could "truly believe" that he received two degrees from Cal Tech, and it becomes difficult to believe anything Mr. Christensen claims, whether about himself or his product.
Summary
The H3 device is, like so many other LRLs, a glorified and expensive dowsing rod. Although the electronics inside the H3 include a DDS signal generator and a magnetometer that alters the DDS frequency as the ambient magnetic field changes, those elements of the design serve no useful purpose except to appear technically impressive to the non-technical observer. Applying a signal to a dowsing rod does absolutely nothing, regardless that many people wish it did.
The claims, explicit or implicit, that the H3 device can locate gold or any other elements or compounds are completely false. The H3 has no ability to locate anything other than gravity. It simply does not work.
I have repeatedly offered Mr. Christensen my $25,000 prize if he can successfully demonstrate the H3 device in a scientific test. He has repeatedly ignored the offer publicly, and refused it in emails. I made the same offer to three H3Tec distributors: Ike Tiner, Dexter Hulse, and Jeff Haslett. All three have declined. Finally, Christensen was offered James Randi's $1 million prize for the same kind of test.
Mr. Christensen has sent me numerous emails containing legal threats if I refused to remove my findings about his device. All the email exchanges can be found on the
Geotech forums. Near the end of this thread Christensen's sister joins the discussion, and has nothing good to say about his integrity. It's all pretty interesting reading.