Get a copy of Modern Metal Detecting by Garrett, good overall introduction.
Are the waterfront parks along river off limits? "Digging Is Off Limits", Not using walking stick with built in detector to search for things. If you do find something in restricted areas, turn info over to archeology bunch in state universities; note that keeps them busy for the rest of their lives digging gopher holes where you would get hauled off to jail.
Read messages on here, lots of really good information. Go to public Library, look up local History Books and Folklore of area.
Read up on Knights Of The Golden Circle, Civil War History, Local Commerce and check out Newspaper Archives. GET A LIBRARY CARD -- Go to reference desk and ask for help; you would be surprised what is buried away in archive sections, be prepared to use white linen gloves to look at map and photo collections, and be restricted to hours of use and photocopy limits. Check out PBS -- History Detectives and Time Team America shows.
Use Yahoo and Google and State/University History Archive Websites.
Find Map Source for Your Area -- Sanborn Maps? First fire and casualty insurance maps for most cities.
Pay special attention to archive PHOTO BOOKS. Think drunken customers stumbling down gangway of riverboats from 1800's, spilling coins everywhere. Think along lines, era of coins and artifacts will be where people of that era congregated/lived and commerce was conducted. (Old Abandoned Home Sites, Produce Stands, County Fairgrounds, Circus Grounds, Old Amusement Parks, Old Bus Stops/Lines and Trolleys, Gas stations, Train Stations/Railroad Station Stops on Lines, Stagecoach stops, Riverboat landings, Civil War encampments, anything you can find history on) In the beginning, "Pick ONE Topic A Week", and try to find out everything you can on it.
Read the Beekrock Thread -- searching old house/homesite for valuables, info. beyond belief there.
Put the detector, Digging Tools and Markers, in your car trunk. Opportunity to hunt and your level of knowledge of your detector, are keys.
-- Even if you do not have time to dig, scan an area and mark finds for later work. I use golf T's with brad nail drilled into top, to mark an area, where trees, bushes or other landmarks are not available. GPS is only accurate to locate an area to within -- 15 Ft -- or so at best. Make a a quick map in notebook, for later reference.
Use a Pinpointer and Dig everything.